TLR4 and familial pancreatic carcinoma: According to the findings, L. casei and L. reuteri reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer by inhibiting TLR4, which in turn promotes the M1 polarization of macrophages and helps to maintain the homeostasis of the gut microbiota.47 Hosseinzadeh et al. investigated the possible method by which L. casei condition medium mediates its apoptotic impact in colorectal cancer cells through downregulation of miR-21.48 Also, the antagonist effect of L. casei and L. rhamnosus was investigated against the biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus, which displayed a potent antibiofilm effect.49