The results showed that patients with SLE performed worse in attention and executive function, and language, which was consistent with prior study.16, 18 The VMHC and grey matter volume in the insula and parahippocampal gyrus of SLE were changed and correlated with abnormal cognition and laboratory biochemical markers such as anti-ds-DNA antibody, anti-β2GP1 antibody and C4. This evidence concerns the gene C4A and systemic lupus erythematosus.