Fujita et al. retrospectively analyzed the limited efficacy of salvage anti-PD-L1 with atezolizumab in 18 non-small lung cancer (NSCLC) patients previously treated with anti-PD-1 (nivolumab, pembrolizumab), noting that none achieved tumor shrinkage [15]. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.