PDX1 and diabetes mellitus: In the largest WES study, including 20,791 individuals with type 2 diabetes and 24,440 individuals without diabetes from five ancestries, RV located in PDX1 (encoding for pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1), GCK (encoding for glucokinase) and HNF1A (encoding for hepatic nuclear factor 1α) were associated with 1.5- to 3.5-increased odds of type 2 diabetes by weighted burden testing [17].