Additionally, two patients strongly positive for anti-SAE1 autoantibody in our cohort presented a typical DM rash (heliotrope sign, Gottron’s sign, and/or papules) initially but did not develop myositis the following year and were classified as having CADM, which is consistent with but less frequently reported in previous studies among Asian populations (21, 37). Here, SAE1 is linked to clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis.