CCM-CeO2 couldpenetrate GBM spheroids to a depth of 148.3 ± 31 μm, withthe O2 and NO produced, reducing HIF-1α protein expression.When loaded with TMZ, CCM-CeO2 could increase the intracellularROS produced by TMZ, leading to lysosome membrane permeabilizationand notably augmented apoptosis and necrosis in GBM cells. Here, HIF1A is linked to glioblastoma.