Um et al. [26] evaluated the effect of periostin inhibition by an aptamer‐based inhibitor on renal fibrosis under diabetic conditions, and found TGF‐β1 treatment significantly upregulated periostin, fibronectin, and type I collagen mRNA and protein expressions in inner medullary collecting duct cells in vitro. The gene discussed is POSTN; the disease is renal fibrosis.