ALB and chronic kidney disease: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by diminished renal function, typically indicated by levels of glomerular filtration rate, serum creatinine concentration, and proteinuria, and often assessed using the albumin-to-creatinine ratio [1,2]. In 2016, CKD impacted 753 million individuals globally, including 417 million women and 336 million men [3].