INS and nervous system disorder: HF diets have been associated with decreased cognitive performance and cognitive impairment by promoting neuronal apoptosis, neuroinflammation, and neuronal insulin resistance, ultimately leading to the pathogenesis of neurological disorders (Lee et al., 2018; Kothari et al., 2017; Sah et al., 2017; Morrison et al., 2010; Zuloaga et al., 2016; Pistell et al., 2010; Liu et al., 2014; Salinero et al., 2020; Herculano et al., 2013; Gainey et al., 2016; Lin et al., 2016; Wang et al., 2018; Janssen et al., 2016; Kim et al., 2016; Marwitz et al., 2015).