The dysregulation of the cAMP-CREB signaling pathway is closely linked to the development of various diseases, such as cancer, neurological disorders, metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases (Bockus and Humphries, 2015; Dinevska et al, 2023; Ichiki, 2006; Wang et al, 2018; Zhang et al, 2020a), highlighting the potential of MNPs as a therapeutic approach for these conditions. Here, CREB1 is linked to metabolic disease.