Transplantation of primary human B-ALL cells into at least three NSG mice per donor, whereby each mouse was randomly assigned to the treatment groups vehicle, ara-C alone or ara-C plus EACA, led to significant reduction of the percentage of human CD45+ CD19+ cells in PB (Supplementary Fig. 20C, D), significant extension of survival (Fig. 8B) and significantly increased levels of fibronectin in the BMM in most xenotransplanted mice (Supplementary Fig. 20E) in the double-treated cohort compared to mice treated with ara-C alone. Here, CD19 is linked to acute lymphoblastic leukemia.