Transcription factors involved in cancer development: Cadmium can interfere with the activity of transcription factors involved in development and tumor promotion, such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), and metal-regulatory transcription factor (MTF1), which are known to induce the expression of metallothionein in response to heavy metal (cadmium) toxicity (Liu et al. 1995). This evidence concerns the gene NFE2L2 and cancer.