88, 117). Long-term ET protects against vascular endothelial injury of insulin resistance by downregulating the expression of several lncRNAs, including FR030200 and FR402720 (Ref. 118) and then attenuating the progression of atherosclerotic CVD. Similarly, lncRNA NEAT1 induces endothelial pyroptosis by binding Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) to promote the transcriptional activation of the key pyroptotic protein, NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain-associated protein 3 (NLRP3), whereas exercise reverses these effects (Ref. 91). This evidence concerns the gene KLF4 and Insulin resistance.