CSF1 and Sepsis: Focusing on established protein markers of immune malfunctions in sepsis, we distinguished between markers of immune functions that are increased in sepsis (such as ferritin, IL-6, IL-18bp, and IL-8 as inflammation markers) and markers of immune functions that are repressed in sepsis (such as CD5, CD6 and CD244, SCF [lymphopoiesis], IFNγ and IFNγ-inducible cytokines [immune activation], CSF-1 [proliferation and phagocytosis], and TRANCE [an inhibitor of apoptosis]).