Influenza hemagglutinin (HA) antigen-specific TCR transgenic CD4 T cells were adoptively transferred into WT recipients with subsequent HA-Vaccinia virus (VacHA) infection to generate T effector/memory cells while tolerogenic HA-specific CD4s were generated by transfer into hosts with transgenic expression of HA as self-antigen (C3-HA mice, Figure 1A.; Huang et al., 2004). The gene discussed is C3; the disease is influenza.