In this study, to reveal the protumor functions of CRP in the TIME via the signalling of CRP receptors, such as CD16,12 CD3213 and CD64,14 and cytokine production from macrophages, we examined the effect of CRP on tumor progression via the functions of TAMs using human primary macrophages and pathological specimens of ccRCC. Here, CRP is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.