CD4 and HIV infectious disease: Unbiased transcriptional biological assessments revealed in the peripheral blood of PLWH evidence for elevated activity for both type 1 and II IFN pathways, greater T cell proliferation, possibly reflecting a homeostatic response to the depletion of CD4 T cells in HIV infection,17 and elevated signaling by IL-2, a key T cell growth factor, IL-15, and IL-27 that can promote the survival and expansion of CD8 T cells.18