NLRP3 and Alzheimer disease: Increased expression of P2 × 7 in the brain tissue of AD mice was primarily localized in microglia surrounding aged plaques, suggesting that Aβ may activate the NLRP3 inflammasome through the P2 × 7 receptor expressed on the surface of microglia, thereby inducing pyroptosis in caspase-1/GSDMD-dependent cells [27].