In our published pilot study of 31 patients, PD-L1 expression in the macrophage infiltrate of joint replacements was associated with an eightfold increase in the odds of a prolonged neutrophil response (odds ratio: 8.3, 95% confidence interval: 0.6–110, p = 0.043) and a 22-fold increase in the odds of developing a new infection (odds ratio: 21.9, 95% confidence interval: 0.9–524, p = 0.038) [8]. Here, CD274 is linked to infection.