TGFB1 and neoplasm: M2d type is co-induced by TLR agonists and adenosine receptor agonists, and can promote tumor angiogenesis and immune escape of tumor cells through the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), IL-10, TGF-β, etc, with significant pro-tumor effect.[10] Therefore, different regulatory effects on different phenotypes of M2 macrophages are the key to improving TAM ratio, enhancing TAM function and activity, and enhancing antitumor immune response.