IL6 and melanoma: Studies have shown that yam polysaccharide can promote the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and also promote macrophages to secrete more NO, thus inducing macrophages to polarize towards M1 phenotype.[30] Tremella polysaccharide can promote the polarization of macrophages towards M1 phenotype, enhance antitumor immunity, and thus induce rapid apoptosis of B16 melanoma cells.[31] Seabuckthorn polysaccharide is a natural polysaccharide derived from natural plant seabuckthorn fruits.