TNF and neoplasm: Studies have found that G lucidum polysaccharides can regulate MAPKs and NF-kB signaling pathways by affecting Dectin-1 and TLR2 receptors, increase the expression levels of cytokines NO, ROS, and TNF-α, and enhance the phagocytic function of macrophages, and finally play a role in inhibiting tumor growth.[33] Psyllium polysaccharide is a natural polysaccharide from Psyllium seed.