TNF and neoplasm: Wei W et al found that Astragalus polysaccharide can promote the production of IL-6, TNF-α, and iNOS and other cytokines through Notch signaling pathway, thus enhancing the immune killing effect on tumor cells of non-small cell lung cancer.[27] Similarly, the activity of TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway also affects the occurrence and development of tumors.