GNA13 and Hyperglycemia: The magnitude of this CNO response was significantly reduced in whole body Gα12 KO mice expressing G12D in hepatocytes (Gna12−/− Gna13 fl/fl mice co-treated with AAV-TBG-G12D plus AAV-TBG-eGFP) (Fig. 3b), suggesting that hepatic G12 signaling contributes to G12D-mediated hyperglycemia.