A study indicated that serum CC-chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) was associated with comorbidities but not liver disease progression in patients with NAFLD, and that CCL2 could direct blood monocytes to damaged or injured tissues, suggesting that considering monocytes in addition to SII may increase the prognostic value for CVD [52]. Here, CCL2 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.