In addition, RNA-Seq was employed to explore the alterations in the transcriptomes of cancer cells subsequent to treatment with Free Ber or NPBer.The sequencing results indicate that Free Ber could activate cellular aging mechanisms, intensified the iron death pathway, optimized oxidative phosphorylation efficiency, exacerbated apoptosis, accelerated programmed cell death, and negatively modulated key signaling pathways in CRC cells including Wnt, TGF-beta, Hippo, and mTOR signaling pathways. Here, MTOR is linked to cancer.