CD44 and neoplasm: The median survival of responders was longer than non-responders to neoadjuvant nivolumab or pembrolizumab in a retrospective analysis, MAPK pathway alterations were enriched in responders while PTEN mutations associated with immunosuppressive signature from CD44 + tumor cells were enriched in non-responders, and immune infiltration that reflect the tumor’s clonal evolution during treatment (43).