Neurooncology Working Group of the German Cancer Society trial 16 (NOA-16), a non-controlled, open-label, single-arm, multicenter, first-in-humans phase I trial conducted in Germany, demonstrated that IDH1(R132H)-specific peptide vaccine (IDH1-vac) prolonged the pseudoprogression and survival time of patients with IDH1(R132H)+, non-1p/19q co-deleted, ATRX− World Health Organization (WHO) grade 3 and 4 gliomas and the vaccine-related adverse events were restricted to grade 1 (15). This evidence concerns the gene IDH1 and central nervous system cancer.