Thereby enabling a systematic comparison between SWIR and NIR spectral imaging in tumor visualization using the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted NIR dye, cetuximab-IRDye800CW, in clinical samples of penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.