HMGCR and cancer: The cellular energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is recognized as negative regulator of cancer lipid synthesis, because of AMPK can directly phosphorylate and inhibit the activities of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP), acetyl-coA carboxylase (ACC), glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), and HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) [17].