AHR and colorectal carcinoma: For instance, Limosilactobacillus reuteri genomes are enriched with key enzymes, which are necessary to transform tryptophan into indolic metabolites.28 In a 2023 study, Zhang et al reported that Akkermansia muciniphila had an inhibitory effect on tryptophan metabolism via the AhR/β-catenin signaling pathway to counter CRC progression.29 Apart from tryptophan metabolism, the AA group was also more abundant with the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids.