TGFB1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Compared with those of ALB (Fig. 4A) and AFP (Fig. 4B), i.e., the gold standard for HCC, the serum levels of sCD163 (Fig. 4C), IL-10 (Fig. 4D), and IL-12 (Fig. 4E) and the mRNA folds of both Cldn-1 and TGF-β (Fig. 4F, G) presented larger AUROCs, with sensitivity and specificity ranges of 82–100% and 86–98%, respectively, and considerable 95% confidence intervals for HCC prediction in non-malignant cirrhotic patients.