Other cancer types in which APOBEC3A has been implicated in somatic mutagenesis, such as breast cancer, lung adenocarcinoma and bladder cancer, displayed weaker but nonetheless significant correlations between APOBEC3A expression and GRHL3 expression and/or transcriptional activity, suggesting GRHL3 may play a role in promoting APOBEC3A expression in these tumours. The gene discussed is GRHL3; the disease is cancer.