APOBEC3A and cancer: Acquisition of these nuclear functions appears to have come at a cost, however, as both APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B have been implicated in generating somatic mutations (mainly C > T transitions and C > G transversions at TpC sites) in cancer cell genomes, driving cancer development and therapeutic resistance (Henderson and Fenton, 2015; Swanton et al, 2015; Petljak and Maciejowski, 2020; Mertz et al, 2022; Green and Weitzman, 2019; Isozaki et al, 2023; Lin et al, 2022; Caswell et al, 2023; Periyasamy et al, 2020; Law et al, 2020; Durfee et al, 2023; Naumann et al, 2023).