This model could explain the somewhat puzzling observation that tumours with strong enrichment for mutational signatures (YpTp[C > T/C > G]pN) associated most strongly with APOBEC3A often express very low levels of APOBEC3A, while APOBEC3B expression is more closely correlated with enrichment for the APOBEC mutational signatures but appears to be responsible for generating a smaller fraction of these mutations (Chan et al, 2015; Jalili et al, 2020; Petljak et al, 2022a; Carpenter et al, 2023). This evidence concerns the gene APOBEC3B and neoplasm.