For this work, a previously established macrophage infection model was used19,26 based on human monocyte-derived macrophages (hMDM) or bulk peripheral blood cells (PBMCs) that were infected with the green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing Mtb strains H37Ra or H37Rv and treated with HDAC inhibitors in the micromolar range in parallel with a combination of the first-line antibiotics, rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH), and also PBA (internal HDAC inhibitor control) (Fig. 1C). Here, HDAC9 is linked to infection.