In particular, in a recent study published in 2024 by Yoon Kyung Jeon et al. (383) in NSCLC, they investigated how the EMT is influenced by tumor cell-intrinsic PD-L1 signaling and how EMT serves as a predictor target for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), demonstrating that through the action of TGFβ, cell-intrinsic PD-L1 signaling causes EMT in NSCLC, which in turn accelerates the growth and metastasis of the tumor both in vitro and in vivo. Here, TGFB1 is linked to neoplasm.