In the SVP dropdown list under the Pathway option, multiple signaling pathways with highly variable spatial activity on the slice were identified, including the ‘MAPK signaling pathway’, ‘PI3K-Akt signaling pathway’, ‘mTOR signaling pathway’, ‘VEGF signaling pathway’, etc. These signaling pathways have been confirmed to be oncogenic pathways and are closely associated with breast cancer (38–40). This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and breast carcinoma.