TNF and serum lipopolysaccharide activity: When comparing ATB+DSS with P. aeruginosa (ATB+DSS+PA) and ATB+DSS mice, P. aeruginosa exacerbated loose stool in almost all mice, leaky gut parameters (bacteremia, FITC-dextran, and endotoxemia), systemic inflammation (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10), and liver damage (alanine transaminase).