A study conducted in Sri Lanka in 2021 indicated increased levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1 in the blood and urine of patients with AKI linked to leptospirosis, with KIM-1 showing greater specificity than MCP-1 (Nisansala et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene HAVCR1 and leptospirosis.