These promising outcomes warranted further investigation into the potential therapeutic efficacy of this approach in other autoimmune disorders.121 Excitingly, the Descartes-08 anti-BCMA rCAR-T therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE-001) has successfully progressed into Phase II as of February 2024 (NCT06038474).322 On the other hand, Thatte et al.323 administered Foxp3 mRNA LNPs to CD4+ T cells in order to generate immunosuppressive Foxp3-T cells. Here, FOXP3 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.