TP53 and chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive: RITA also applies its effects through inducing p53-independent apoptosis; for instance, it can provoke an apoptotic response in the p53-null CML cell line by inhibiting STAT5, Akt, and NF-κB signaling pathways along with downregulating proliferative genes such as c-Myc [723].