For instance, in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse model, intracerebroventricular injection of EGF has been shown to reduce the expression of Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a marker of ischemic stroke, through the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, consequently decreasing brain infarct volume [53]. Here, STAT3 is linked to ischemic stroke.