When lysosomal function declines, specific proteins, including tau, α-synuclein, and transactive response DNA binding protein of 43 (TDP-43), can accumulate within nerve cells, contributing to the onset of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here, TARDBP is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.