However, no significant differences were observed between patients with sustained AF and those with paroxysmal AF in serum titers of Pg IgG FimA Types III and V. In addition, these authors examining positivity for this species according to the duration of AF (less than 1 year and over 1 year) reported that patients with AF for more than 1 year had a higher frequency of positivity for Pg (FimA Type III) than those with AF for less than 1 year (71.1% vs. 50.0%, p = 0.047). This evidence concerns the gene JUP and Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.