TNF and infection: This blockade of type I IFN signaling resulted in greater CD8+ T-cell responses in the DLN at day 5 after RRV-gp33 infection (Fig. 5C), such that the number of gp33-specific, IFNγ+, TNF+, and GrB+ CD8+ T cells after RRV infection now matched those of LCMV infection (Fig. 5D).