In H. pylori infection, CHAC1 contributes to gastric cell oxidative stress and mutations that could potentially lead to cancer, while in cystic fibrosis, reduced CHAC1 levels contribute to chronic inflammation by impairing the body’s ability to regulate oxidative stress (Wada et al., 2018; Ogawa et al., 2019; Perra et al., 2018) (Figure 7). This evidence concerns the gene CHAC1 and cystic fibrosis.