Additional studies have highlighted the involvement of both Bax and caspase 3 in PD neurodegeneration across various models, including SH-SY5Y cells (Itano and Nomura, 1995), PC12 cells (Blum et al., 1997), human post-mortem tissue (Tatton, 2000) and mice (Yamada et al., 2010). The gene discussed is BAX; the disease is Parkinson disease.