INSR and lipodystrophy: Experiment lipodystrophy created by either constitutive or inducible adipose tissue-specific knockout of insulin receptor (IR) alone (Ai-IRKO) or adipose tissue-specific double knockout of the IR and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) receptor (Ai-DKO) have demonstrated the critical roles of adipocytes and adipocyte insulin sensitivity in whole-body metabolic balance15.