TNF and peritonitis: Significantly higher concentrations of bacteria and serum cytokines were observed in the peritonitis group compared to the control group (Fig 3A–3D) ([bacterial concentration, control: 0 CFU/mL [0–0], peritonitis group: 1.9 × 109 CFU/mL [3.4 × 107–4.8 × 109], p < 0.01], [IL-1β, control: 0 pg/mL [0–3.26], peritonitis group: 183.0 pg/mL [47.6–201.5], p < 0.01], [IL-6, control: 0 pg/mL [0–0], peritonitis group: 6649.3 pg/mL [2381.5–8168.1], p < 0.01],] TNF-α, control: 17.9 pg/mL [2.8–24.5], peritonitis group: 226.3 pg/mL [155.9–298.8], p < 0.01]).