GNG5 in serum EVs showed a non-significant, gradually decreasing trend in the CN (average 75.3 ± 34.2 pg/mg), mild AD (average 68.5 ± 29.5 pg/mg), moderate AD (average 62.9 ± 28.6 pg/mg), and severe AD (average 50.9 ± 41.7 pg/mg) (Fig. 8H). This evidence concerns the gene GNG5 and Alzheimer disease.