NFKB1 and retinopathy of prematurity: Pathologic angiogenesis induced by hypoxia is a hallmark of ischemic retinopathy including DR and ROP, characterized by retinal VECs dysfunction, vascular regression, and compensatory neovascularization.[10, 28] Retinal inflammation plays a significant role in vascular pathology, with VECs actively promoting inflammation via NF‐κB‐mediated transcription of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and facilitating vascular leakage, creating a vicious cycle that further exacerbates endothelial dysfunction.[7, 8, 29]