TNF and atherosclerosis: Lowers inflammation in coronary artery disease associated atherosclerosis. Lowers levels of IL-6 in monocytes and exerts anti-inflammatory activity by lowering IL-1β and TNF-α.29 Lowers stroke incidence and mortality from cardiovascular disease and improves metabolic syndrome by reducing ROS and hyperinsulinemia.2 Prevention of cholesterol build-up, reduction of blood pressure, reduction of arterial thickening, reduction of oxidized LDL.30,31