Although there is no research evidence to directly confirm that it mediates the protective regulation of UC by B. bifidum, it has been found that chronic inflammation can activate and promote the accumulation of MDSCs in the colon, thus promoting the expression of IL-10, or inhibiting IFN- γ production by T cells, ultimately improving intestinal inflammation, and MDSCs are associated with the occurrence of colon cancer (35, 36). This evidence concerns the gene IL10 and malignant colon neoplasm.