NOX4 and brain infarction: In this study, we found that benzyl ferulate effectively alleviated brain infarction and relieved apoptosis in the brain of MCAO rats or cell death in SH-SY5Y cells underwent H/R injury by downregulating the expression level of apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl2, Bax) and oxidative stress-related protein (NOX2 and NOX4) and by upregulating the expression level of miRNAs (miR-652, miR-532, and miR-92b).