These compounds effectively intervene in the overactive inflammation and immune responses characteristic of rheumatic and autoimmune diseases by modulating various signaling pathways, including the TNF, Toll-like, IL-6, RANKL, MAPK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT, and NRF2/GPX4 pathways. Here, NFE2L2 is linked to autoimmune disease.