Certain probiotic species such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium can improve insulin sensitivity, inflammatory markers, and lipid profiles in obese, T2DM, and dyslipidemic subjects (Asemi et al. 2014; Bukowska et al. 1998; Ejtahed et al. 2011; Mobini et al. 2017). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.